https://doi.org/10.4081/mem.2004.635
La diagnosi preimpianto
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La diagnosi preimpianto si è sviluppata in seguito all'introduzione delle tecniche di fecondazione artificiale (FIV e ICSI) al fine di aumentarne il successo selezionando gli embrioni più adatti per il trasferimento in utero. In particolare, la diagnosi genetica preimpianto viene anche considerata una forma alternativa di diagnosi prenatale al fine di individuare aneuploidie comuni o legate all'età della donna nelle coppie sterili, o per ridurre la trasmissione alla prole di serie malattie genetiche nelle coppie fertili. I campioni per la diagnosi genetica preimpianto si ottengono dagli oociti o dagli embrioni in fase precoce di sviluppo dopo la FIV o la ICSI.
L'articolo analizza, da una parte, gli aspetti tecnici e clinici della diagnosi preimpianto, compresi i limiti e i rischi connessi con queste procedure, e, dall'altra, il dibattito bioetico in materia (la diagnosi preimpianto come alternativa all'aborto dopo diagnosi postimpianto; la selezione del sesso a fini sociali o la selezione di donatori di cellule staminali). Dallo stesso dibattito bioetico emerge la finalità eugenetica della diagnosi preimpianto, una finalità perversa poichè nessun individuo umano può essere valutato, selezionato, lasciato morire o soppresso in base alla "sua qualità".
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