https://doi.org/10.4081/mem.2005.404

Dimensioni della salute e prevenzione dei comportamenti a rischio in adolescenza

V. 54 N. 1 (2005)
Pubblicato: febbraio 28, 2005
comportamenti a rischio, adolescenza, prevenzione, educazione, persona / risky behaviours, adolescence, prevention, education, person
Abstract Views: 654
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Autori

Maria Luisa Di Pietro
mldipietro@rm.unicatt.it
Professore Associato di Bioetica, Italy.
Roberta Minacori
Dottore in Bioetica e Specialista in Medicina Legale e delle Assicurazioni, Istituto di Bioetica, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia "A. Gemelli", Università Cattolica S. Cuore - Roma, Italy.
I comportamenti a rischio in adolescenza e le possibili e conseguenti patologie interpellano - in senso preventivo - quanti sono responsabili della salute pubblica. Le modalità di intervento che vengono proposte sono essenzialmente tre - la riduzione del rischio, la strategia della paura, l'educazione alla salute - e muovono da orientamenti etici diversi. In questo articolo viene presa in esame la proposta dell'educazione alla salute, che fa riferimento ad un'etica centrata sulla persona e trova giustificazione in un'interpretazione del concetto di salute comprensiva delle dimensioni fisica, psichica, sociale e morale. Ed è proprio la dimensione morale che, al di là di innegabili fattori di vulnerabilità (teoria ecologica, teoria della personalità adolescenziale, teoria della personalità dell'adolescente), condiziona - in adolescenza - la scelta di agire o meno un comportamento a rischio. Se, dunque, sia nella salute sia nella personalità dell'adolescente è così forte la dimensione morale, non solo vi è la possibilità di un'educazione alla salute che contestualizzi l'informazione nella formazione, ma vi è anzi il dovere di attuarla nella sua duplice dimensione di educazione ai valori e alle virtù.
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Public health care is called to prevent behaviours (and their pathological consequences) which expose teen-agers to a risk. There are three main proposals, which come from different ethical perspectives, on this topics: the risk reduction, the "fear" strategy, the health education. The paper examines the notion of health education from the perspective of personalistic ethics which consider the notion of health in its physical, psychic, social and moral dimensions. The moral aspects are very important to guide teen-agers, apart from their intrinsic vulnerability (ecological theory, adolescent personality theory), in the behaviour which can be either at risk or not. If the moral dimension is so important for teen-agers health and personality, the proposal advanced in this paper is an education to health which is not only "information" but also "formation", and which has to be actualized in its twofold aspect of education to values and to virtues.

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Come citare

Di Pietro, M. L., & Minacori, R. (2005). Dimensioni della salute e prevenzione dei comportamenti a rischio in adolescenza. Medicina E Morale, 54(1). https://doi.org/10.4081/mem.2005.404

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