Nuovi problemi derivanti dall'impiego delle tecniche di fecondazione artificiale
Pubblicato: agosto 30, 2006
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All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Autori
Unità Operativa di Endocrinologia, Italy.
Unità Operativa di Endocrinologia, Italy.
Unità Operativa di Endocrinologia, Italy.
Centro Studi Regolazione Naturale della Fertilità, Italy.
Unità Operativa di Endocrinologia, Italy.
Istituto di Bioetica, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia "Agostino Gemelli", Università
Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.
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The reproductive technologies (RTs) puts to the physician, involved in the reproductive medicine, and the bioethicist remarkable moral problems; therefore a solid scientific ground is necessary for an ethical evaluation. This study analyses the more properly scientific aspects, particularly related to Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI). Such technique, that is today the more used in the RTs centres, upsets the approach to couple sterility. It places, however, remarkable problems, both about the use of infertile man sperm and about the same technique. As to the first point, we can distinguish aspects connected to the presence of parental citogenetic anomalies and in sperm cells, so it was demonstrated that infertile patients admitted to ICSI programs have a high rate of aneuploidies in the spermatozoa, inversely correlated with the sperm parameters and the number of morphologically normal shapes after selection, and to the existence of micro-deletion of the Y chromosome. About this we meant to stop to us, evidencing the role of the deleted genic segments and the risk of transmission of the microdeletion to sons conceived via ICSI. Then the authors describe the major problems connected to the technique and to the ability of the operator, evidencing the experimentation of this technology. Considering, then, the outcomes of ICSI procedures, it is necessary to consider both the fecondation rate and the obstetrical outcome, and the slight increase of the incidence of malformations and citogenetical anomalies. Moreover, the attempt to obtain pregnancies from more and more severe male situations places the problem to estimate the outcome referred with the etiology, but there are only few observations about it. In conclusion we considered the new perspectives, specially about round spermatid injection (ROSI), round spermatid nuclear injection (ROSNI) and the use of spermatogonia, until "the semi-cloning reproduction" and the other problems still opened, as the immunological aspects or the transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).
Come citare
Mancini, A., Grande, G., Festa, R., Giacchi, E., De Marinis, L., & Di Pietro, M. (2006). Nuovi problemi derivanti dall’impiego delle tecniche di fecondazione artificiale. Medicina E Morale, 55(4). https://doi.org/10.4081/mem.2006.348
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