https://doi.org/10.4081/mem.2015.21

Il diritto alla salute e l'autodeterminazione del paziente tra guarigione effettiva e pericoloso sviluppo della tecnologia

V. 64 N. 3 (2015)
Pubblicato: giugno 30, 2015
Salute, persona, autodeterminazione, corpo, identità, medicina dei desideri / Health, person, self-determination, body, identity, medicine of desires
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Autori

Nicola Posteraro
nicola.posteraro@uniroma3.it
Dottorando di ricerca in Discipline Giuridiche (Curr. Dir. Amm.), Dipartimento di Giurisprudenza, Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Roma, Italy.
In questo lavoro, si propone uno studio del diritto alla salute quale diritto fondamentale della persona. Anzitutto, si analizza l'evoluzione interpretativa subita dall'articolo 32 della Costituzione italiana e si cerca di capire, da un lato, come tale diritto fosse considerato prima d'oggi; dall'altro, come sia considerato attualmente, invece, anche alla luce delle decisioni della giurisprudenza. Lo scopo è quello di rilevare le connessioni esistenti tra il diritto alla salute, il principio della libertà personale e i limiti apparentemente imposti dall'ordinamento italiano. Si analizzano, perciò, i rapporti esistenti tra esso e l'interesse della collettività, oltre che tra esso e l'articolo 5 del codice civile (il quale ultimo sembrerebbe condizionarlo quando vieta, all'individuo, la piena disposizione del proprio corpo). Si considerano, poi, i problemi creati dalla esasperata indipendenza del singolo, il quale si rivolge alla medicina, oggi, spesso, solo con lo scopo di realizzare i propri desideri. Quali i riflessi sul piano etico e giuridico? Questa situazione è pericolosa? Se sì, in quali casi? Quali le conseguenze sul corpo del paziente? C'è crisi dell'identità?
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This paper proposes a study of the right to health as a fundamental human right. Firstly, it analyzes the evolution of interpretation of health of the Article 32 of the Italian Constitution and it tries to comprehend how this right was considered in the past and how it is regarded in the present in light of jurisdictional decisions. Secondly, it aims to detect the links between the principle of personal freedom and the limits apparently imposed by the Italian system. We analyze, therefore, the relationship between the right to health and the public interest, as well as the relationship between this right and Article 5 of the Civil Code (which would seem to limit the individual when prohibiting the full exercise of its body). It considers, then, the problems created by an exasperated independence of the individual, which is often targeted by medicine today, only in order to achieve their desires. What are the reflections on the ethical and juridical plans? Is this situation dangerous? If yes, in what cases? What are the consequences on the patient's body? Is there a crisis of identity?

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Come citare

Posteraro, N. (2015). Il diritto alla salute e l’autodeterminazione del paziente tra guarigione effettiva e pericoloso sviluppo della tecnologia. Medicina E Morale, 64(3). https://doi.org/10.4081/mem.2015.21

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