https://doi.org/10.4081/mem.2012.116

Ripensare etica ed estetica a partire dalle neuroscienze: la proposta di Jean-Pierre Changeux

V. 61 N. 6 (2012)
Pubblicato: dicembre 30, 2012
Neuroestetica, coscienza, conoscenza per connaturalità, dignità umana / Neuroaesthetics, consciousness, knowledge by connaturality, human dignity
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Autori

Maria Addolorata Mangione
doloresmangione@inwind.it
Medico-chirurgo, Dottore di ricerca in Bioetica, Assistente di Bioetica presso l'Istituto Superiore di Scienze Religiose all'Apollinare, Pontificia Università della Santa Croce, Italy.
L'articolo prende in esame le teorie di Neuroestetica di J.P. Changeux. Nelle ricerche condotte sulle dimensioni neurobiologiche e cognitive dell'esperienza estetica, Changeux si è distinto per aver utilizzato il cosiddetto "modello di spazio di lavoro neuronale", che ha elaborato nell'ambito dei propri studi compiuti sulla coscienza, per dare conto delle diverse operazioni cognitive coscienti e del comportamento intenzionale, ai diversi livelli dell'esperienza cosciente. Tale modello supporta il progetto di naturalizzazione della contemplazione del bello, che si inserisce a sua volta in quello di naturalizzazione delle intenzioni, che dovrebbe condurre, nei propositi di J.P. Changeux, verso una "neurobiologia del senso". La ricerca di armonia tra ragione ed emozioni, che nello scienziato francese rispecchia l'aspirazione a formulare una visione integrale dell'uomo, solleva dei problemi di carattere epistemologico: riconoscere all'arte il ruolo di "catalizzatore dell'armonia nella società" richiede una riflessione filosofica che sappia dare conto sia della nozione di natura umana, che dell'unità stessa dell'essere umano. Lo scopo del contributo è quello di dimostrare la necessità di una prospettiva interdisciplinare nell'approfondimento dell'esperienza estetica per riuscire a cogliere il significato autentico della contemplazione del bello, esperienza umana che esprime la molteplicità delle dimensioni della persona.
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The article examines the J.P. Changeux's theories on Neuroaesthetics. Within the research on neurobiological and cognitive dimensions of aesthetic experience, Changeux has distinguished himself by using the so-called "neuronal workspace model", realized as part of studies on consciousness to explain cognitive conscious operations and intentional behaviour at different levels of conscious experience. This model supports the project for the naturalization of the contemplation of the beauty, which is part, in its turn, of the naturalization of the intentions, which should lead, according to J.P. Changeux, to the "neurobiology of the sense". The search for harmony between reason and emotion raises epistemological problems: if the art "catalyzes the harmony within the society", it requires a philosophical reflection on human nature and unity of human being. The aim of the paper is to demonstrate the need for an interdisciplinary approach to explain the aesthetic experience of admiring the contemplation of the beautiful, a human experience that shows the different dimensions of the person.

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Come citare

Mangione, M. A. (2012). Ripensare etica ed estetica a partire dalle neuroscienze: la proposta di Jean-Pierre Changeux. Medicina E Morale, 61(6). https://doi.org/10.4081/mem.2012.116

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