https://doi.org/10.4081/mem.2006.349

Biologi molecolari: hacker di dati umani? Bioetica e proprietà intellettuale nella ricerca bioinformatica

Vol. 55 No. 4 (2006)
Published: August 30, 2006
Bioinformatica, diritti di proprietà intellettuale, metodo shotgun, open source, copyright / Bioinformatics, intellectual propeaty rights, shotgun method, copyright
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Authors

Antonio Marturano
Antonio.Marturano@exeter.ac.uk
Centre for Leadership Studies, School of Business and Economics, Università di Exeter, United Kingdom.
L'oggetto del presente articolo è quello di studiare i limiti e le sfide dell'analogia tra le attività dei biologi molecolari e quelle degli hacker informatici. Partendo da questa analogia, l'Autore tenta di esplorare i diversi problemi etici e sociali che emergono dalla nuova genetica e dai modi in cui essa viene regolamentata. Viene mostrato in primis il background che giace dietro la proposta analogia tra hacker informatici e biologi molecolari e viene analizzato il senso per cui possiamo parlare di questi ultimi alla stregua di hacker informatici. Ciò dà il destro per analizzare alcune delle tecniche usate dai genetisti. In particolare è analizzato il cosiddetto metodo di sequenziazione Shotgun che spiega perchè i biologi molecolari possono essere visti come hacker di dati umani. Infine, l'Autore spiega perchè la filosofia Open Source usata in campo informatico potrebbe essere un buon modo per regolamentare la ricerca genetica e farmaceutica. Infatti, la filosofia Open Source darebbe la possibilità di una più equa redistribuzione delle opportunità di ricerca intorno al globo mediante l'accantonamento di regolamentazioni basate sulle licenze e con il ripristino dell'uso dello strumento legale del copyright nel sensibile campo della genetica.
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The objective of this research is to study the limits and the challenges of the analogy between molecular geneticists' work and hackers' activities. By focusing on this analogy, the Author aims to explore the different ethical and philosophical issues surrounding new genetics and its intelletual property rights (IPR) regulations. The paper firstly shows the philosophical background lying behind the proposed analogy and analyses the sense in which we can talk of geneticists; in particular, it focuses on the so-called Shotgun method for genomic sequencing. After having provided reasons for the proposed anaogy, the Author claims that the Open source philosophy used in the computer field would be a good way to regulate research in the genetics and in pharmaceutical field too. The Open source philosophy would provide fair distribution of research opportunities around the globe with the shift from patenting to copyright in sensitive fields such as genetics.

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How to Cite

Marturano, A. (2006). Biologi molecolari: hacker di dati umani? Bioetica e proprietà intellettuale nella ricerca bioinformatica. Medicina E Morale, 55(4). https://doi.org/10.4081/mem.2006.349

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