Genitorialità e Gender: quale adozione per il figlio?
Published: April 30, 2007
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All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Authors
Psicologa, Dottoranda di Ricerca in Bioetica, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia "A. Gemelli",
Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.
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This contribution arises from the need to recover what the scientific community knows about the matter of adoption by same-sex partners, in an historic moment that place the parentage in a social and political prominent position. Parenting and filiation are complementary and fundamental dimensions of human existence, that need to be understood and recognized to be supported. Unlike naturally matched and traditionally intended parenthood, the proposal of a home environment characterized by homo-parental figures solicits psychological sciences to understand firstly if it is possible to define maternal and paternal functions regardless of the real sexuality and body in which they take form, and secondly if it is possible to consider this kind of environment the one that best provides to the psychological development and wellbeing of the child. It doesn't seem superfluous to remember that this is, as a matter of fact, the main aim that adoption by its very nature pursues. This study makes an attempt to clear the subject of ideological pressures and political interferences, that disturb a critical development of the knowledge in this field, in order to clarify the terms of the matter from a strictly scientific psychological standpoint. The aim of this study is, therefore, to offer a critical analysis of the main works, concerning both the psychosexual development and the psychological meaning of generation, that have been conducted since the seventies of the past century. The scholar, who has led this review, has the impression that the growing debate related to this issue is not always supported by an adequate consideration of the main children's psychological needs, that society is called to answer through adoption, and finds that the concern to promote new developmental contexts is not always accompanied by an appropriate consideration about the relational and intra-psychic dimensions involved in the psychosexual development of the child. Even if not treating the relevant questions pertaining to the philosophical- anthropology domain, that the study inevitably elicits, it emerges that the human sciences do offer precious opportunities to enrich our knowledge about human being, but they cannot, for their proper nature, answer to the philosophical questions that such themes present. It derives that even in the psychological field it is possible to notice that failing to recognize and crossing the limits of science always brings about the risk to presume the related ethical and anthropological problems already solved, and to allow persuasions to orient the scientific conclusions from up-river of the scientifically observed results.
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