https://doi.org/10.4081/mem.2009.239

Trapianti da donatore a cuore fermo: il caso del paziente pediatrico

Vol. 58 No. 4 (2009)
Published: August 30, 2009
Insufficienza d’organo, trapianti d’organo, donatori a cuore fermo (NHBD) / Organ failure, organ transplantation, non heart-beating donors (NHBD)
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Authors

Maria Luisa Di Pietro
mldipietro@rm.unicatt.it
Professore Associato, Italy.
Paola Parente
Dottoranda di ricerca, Istituto di Bioetica, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia "A. Gemelli", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.
Ciro D'Alò
Coordinatore Locale del Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" per la donazione di organi e tessuti, Roma, Italy.
In presenza di grave insufficienza d'organo, il trapianto è la sola e unica soluzione per salvare la vita del paziente. Si stima che, attualmente, in Italia oltre 9.000 persone siano in lista d'attesa per un trapianto di organo: anche se vi è stato un incremento del numero di donazioni negli ultimi decenni, il gap tra donatori e pazienti in attesa è in continua crescita. Secondo la maggior parte delle società di trapiantologia, i donatori a cuore non battente (NHBD) possono essere una fonte di reperimento degli organi. Quanto la donazione da NHBD può ampliare il pool dei donatori? Quali sono i rischi legati al prelievo di organi da NHBD non solo per il donatore ma anche per il ricevente? Nel tentativo di chiarire almeno alcuni di tali interrogativi abbiamo condotto un'analisi della letteratura scientifica internazionale. Per valutare, poi, la possibilità di ampliamento del pool di donatori con l'introduzione di un protocollo da NHBD nella popolazione pediatrica del Policlinico "A. Gemelli" in Roma, abbiamo condotto uno studio retrospettivo sui pazienti pediatrici deceduti nel corso del triennio 2004-2007. I risultati sembrano indicare la possibilità di raddoppiare il potenziale pool di donatori; questi dati richiedono poi una valutazione attenta, innanzitutto alla luce delle percentuali di opposizione alla donazione che nell'età pediatrica sono ancora più significative che nell'adulto. I risultati ottenuti sono solo il punto di partenza per un'analisi più approfondita sui problemi relativi ai trapianti e alla donazione di organi.
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In case of end stage organ failure, organ transplantation is the one and only solution to save patient's life. Currently, in Italy, more than 9.000 people are awaiting for an organ transplantation; even though the number of organ donation has been increasing during last decades, gap between organ demand and transplantation is still wide. According to ideas of most society of transplantation, non heart beating donors (NHBD) could be a solution to the shortage of organs. How much NHBD could widen donors pool? Which ones and how many risks involve NHBD, even for donors or transplantation recipients? Trying to answer these questions, we led an analysis on NHBD data in international literature. To evaluate the potential of NHBD to expand the pool of donors in pediatric population of "Policlinico Gemelli" in Rome, we studied all deceased pediatric patients in the years 2004-2007. Results showed that the potential pool of donors could be twice as much, but these data should esteem about parental opposition, in particular in pediatric age. These data represent only a starting point for a deeper analysis of transplantation and donation related problems.

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How to Cite

Di Pietro, M. L., Parente, P., & D’Alò, C. (2009). Trapianti da donatore a cuore fermo: il caso del paziente pediatrico. Medicina E Morale, 58(4). https://doi.org/10.4081/mem.2009.239

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